初中英语三大从句汇总讲解-凯发网站
从句是相对于主句而言的,即它是从属于某一个主句,而不能单独作一个句子。在英语中主要有三大从句,即:
1. 名词性从句(包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句)
2. 定语从句
3. 状语从句(包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。
1)主语从句用作主语,如:
that the earth is round is true. 地球是圆的是真实的。
2)宾语从句用作宾语。如:
do you know where he lives?
3)表语从句用作表语,如:
my opinion is that you should not go alone. 我的意见是你不应单独前往。
4)同位语从句用于解释说明前面的名词。如:
the fact that the earth is round is true. 地球是圆的的事实是真实的。(that从句用于解释说明the fact)
5)定语从句相当于一个形容词,用于修饰前面的名词。如:
the student who answered the question was john. 回答问题的学生是john.
6)状语从句相当于一个副词,如:
when it rains, i usually go to school by bus. 天下雨时,我通常坐公共汽车上学。(时间状语)
if he comes tomorrow, you will see him. 如果他明天来,你就可以看见他。(if 引导的条件状语从句,其结构为:if 状语从句, 主句)。要注意在状语从句中有一个规则是“主将从现”,即主句是将来时,则从句要用一般现在时表示将来。
he returned home to learn his daughter had just been engaged.他回家后得知女儿刚刚订婚了。(结果状语,结果状语只是仅限于learn(得知),find(发现),see,hear,to be told(被告知),make(使得)等具有界限含义的动词。)
you must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all. 你必须大声说话,才能让所有人听到你说话。(目的状语,可以由that,so that,in order that,lest,for fear that,in case等词引导。)
since /as the weather is so bad,we have to delay our journey. 天气那么糟,旅行推迟了。 (原因状语从句,常用 because,since,as,for fear (恐怕),seeing that (既然),now that (=since),considering that (考虑到) 等引导。)
though/though he was worn out,(still) he kept on working. 虽然他已经精疲力竭了,但仍然继续工作。(让步状语从句,引导的连词主要有以下这些:though,although,as;even if,even though;whether……or……;no matter 疑问词,疑问词-ever.)
where i live there are plenty of trees. 我住的地方树很多。(地点状语从句,通常由where, wherever 引导。)
as water is to fish, so air is to man. 我们离不开空气,犹如鱼儿离不开水。(方式状语从句通常由as,(just) as…so…,as if,as though引导。)
主句和从句的划分方法是相同的。句子的成分从谓语动词处来划分比较容易。谓语动词前面的部分是主语,后面常接宾语,修饰谓语动词的是状语,修饰主语、宾语的是定语,若谓语是系动词,则系动词后的部分是表语。如:
i am a teacher. 其中,i 是主语,am是谓语,a teacher 是表语。
he likes playing football very much. 其中,he是主语,likes是谓语,playing football是宾语,very much是状语。
《初中英语三大从句汇总讲解》阅读地址:http://www.91yuer.com/yuer/11461/
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